ISBN: Ostalo
Godina izdanja: 0000
Jezik: Engleski
Autor: Strani

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Fundamentals of Government. By Henry J. Schmandt and Paul G. Steinbicker. (Milwaukee: The Bruce Publishing Company. 1954. Pp. xii, 507.)


Contents

Preface · v

Part One. Introduction

Chapter One. The Power of Politics · 3

The Growth of Popular Interest in Politics

Evidence of Awakened Interest in Public Affairs

Significance of the Growth in Political Consciousness

Causes for Increased Governmental Activity

The Effect of the Industrial Revolution on Government

Conclusion

Part Two. The Bases of Politics

Chapter Two. The Scope and Methodology of Political Science · 17

What Is Political Science?

The Scope and Subject Matter of Political Science

“Politics” in Common Parlance

Politics as a Science

Political Science and Ethics

The Relation of Politics to the Other Social Sciences

Methodology: Induction and Deduction

The Philosophical Method

The Historical Method

The Comparative Method

The Juridical or Legal Method

The Sociopsychological Methods

“Political Behavior” Research

Conclusion

Chapter Three. The Natural Law · 49

Background of Natural Law

The Meaning of Natural Law

The Content of Natural Law

The Distortion of Natural Law

Conclusion

Part Three. The Philosophy of the State

Chapter Four. The Nature of the State · 65

The Problem of Definition

Material Elements of States: People, Territory, Government

The Need for a Unifying Element

The Organismic Theory

The Mechanistic Theory

The Organic or Corporate Theory of the State

Conclusion

Chapter Five. The Sovereignty of the State · 88

The Problem of Definition

The Meaning of Sovereignty

Moral Sovereignty

Political Sovereignty

Legal Sovereignty

Physical Sovereignty

Conclusion

Chapter Six. The Origin of the State · 106

Historical Origin of States in General

Historical Origin of Modern States

The Philosophical Origin of the State

The Need for the State

The Origin of Political Authority

Conclusion

Part Four. The Role of the State

Chapter Seven. The Purpose of the State · 129

The Significance of the Problem

Anarchism

Individualism

Collectivism

The Common Good

The General Content of the Common Good

The General Welfare

The Principle of Subsidiarity

Justice

State Functions and the Natural Law

The Right of Revolt

Conclusion

Chapter Eight. The State and the Individual · 155

The Right to Life

The Concomitants of Life

The Right to Personal Liberty

The Right to Private Property

Conclusion

Chapter Nine. The State and Other Associations · 179

The Family

Voluntary Associations

The State and Other States

The State and the Church

Conclusion

Part Five. The Basic Forms of Government

Chapter Ten. Constitutional Government · 205

The Political Constitution — What Is It?

The Meaning of Constitutional Government

Ancient and Medieval Constitutionalism

Modern Constitutionalism

The Spirit of Constitutionalism

The Written Constitution

Flexible and Rigid Constitutions

Constitution-Making

Constitutional Patterns

Constitutional Growth

Conclusion

Chapter Eleven. Government by the People · 237

Extent of Popular Participation

Popular Participation in the Legislative Function

The Role of the Representative

Popular Participation in the Selection of Representatives

The Right to Vote

The Meaning of Democracy

The Case for Popular Rule

Democracy in Practice

Majority Rule

Conclusion

Chapter Twelve. The “People” Organized · 269

The Electoral Machinery

Political Parties

Pressure Groups

Conclusion

Part Six. The Structure of Government

Chapter Thirteen. The Division of Political Power · 305

The Essence of Federalism

Confederation

Summary of Three Governmental Systems

The Problem of Dividing Governmental Power

The Method of Distribution

The American Model

An Appraisal of Unitary Government

The Advantages of Federalism

Federalism in Society

The Future of Federalism

Conclusion

Chapter Fourteen. The Separation of Political Power · 332

Functional Distribution

Relationship Between Territorial and Functional Distribution

Theory of Functional Division

Checks and Balances

Cabinet Government

Cabinet Government: British Style

Cabinet Government: French Style

The Presidential System

Mixed Forms

The Case for Cabinet Government

The Strength of Presidential Government

Similarities in British and American Practice

Conclusion

Part Seven. The Branches of Government

Chapter Fifteen. Makers of the Law · 361

Legislative Structure

Membership in Legislative Bodies

General or Single Member Districts

Proportional Representation

Functional Representation

Term of Office

Size of Lawmaking Bodies

Pay and Prerequisites of Lawmakers

Internal Organization and Procedure

Informal Legislative Procedure

Nonlegislative Functions of the Lawmaking Branch

The Position of Lawmaker

Conclusion

Chapter Sixteen. Executors of the Law · 396

Executives and Administrators

Selection of Chief Executives

The Term of the Chief Executive

The Administrative Structure

Executive Powers and Functions

The Human Element in Administration

Conclusion

Chapter Seventeen. Adjudicators of the Law · 430

The Pattern of Law

The Judicial Function

Judicial Organization

Administrative Courts

Judicial Procedure

The Selection and Tenure of Judges

Conclusion

Part Eight. The Family of Nations

Chapter Eighteen. International Law and Organization · 465

The Nature of International Law

The Basis of Obligation in International Law

The Sources of International Law

The Function of International Law

International Organization

Early Efforts at International Control

The League of Nations

The Genesis of the United Nations

The General Assembly

The Security Council

The Secretariat

The Economic and Social Council

Trusteeship Council

The International Court of Justice

The Record of the United Nations

Conclusion

Appendix · 492
Index · 497

The book begins with an introductory text that is “frankly based upon the principle that man is a moral being, with not only a natural but also a supernatural end.” It covers major topics such as:

The scope and methodology of political science

Natural law
The philosophy and role of the state
Basic forms, structure, and branches of government
A concluding chapter on international law and organization